(1)試切法

(1) the method of cutting 即先試切出很小部分加工表面，測量試切所得的尺寸，按照加工要求適當調刀具切削刃相對工件的位置，再試切，再測量，如此經(jīng)過(guò)兩三次試切和測量，當被加工尺寸達到要求后，再切削整個(gè)待加工表面。 That is to cut out a small part of the surface of the machining surface, measure the size of the test cut, adjust the cutting edge of the cutting edge to the position of the workpiece according to the processing requirements, and then try and cut it, and then measure it after two or three times cutting and measuring, and then the whole surface will be cut after the processing size is reached. 試切法通過(guò)“試切-測量-調整-再試切”，反復進(jìn)行直到達到要求的尺寸精度為止。例如，箱體孔系的試鏜加工。 The method of trial cutting is repeated until the required size accuracy is achieved through "test cutting adjustment adjustment again". For example, the test boring of the hole system of the box. 試切法達到的精度可能很高，它不需要復雜的裝置，但這種方法費時(shí)(需作多次調整、試切、測量、計算)，效率低，依賴(lài)工人的技術(shù)水平和計量器具的精度，質(zhì)量不穩定，所以只用于單件小批生產(chǎn)。 The precision of the method is very high, it does not need complex equipment, but this method is time-consuming (it needs to be adjusted, cut, measured, calculated), the efficiency is low, it depends on the technical level of the workers and the precision of the measuring instruments and the quality is not stable, so it is only used in the small batch production. 作為試切法的一種類(lèi)型——配作，它是以已加工件為基準，加工與其相配的另—工件，或將兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上)工件組合在一起進(jìn)行加工的方法。配作中最終被加工尺寸達到的要求是以與已加工件的配合要求為準的。 As a type of cutting method - matching, it is a method of processing two (or more than two) pieces together, based on a processed piece, which is processed with another piece that is matched with it. The final size of the finished product is determined by the matching requirements with the processed parts.

(2)調整法

(2) adjustment method 預先用樣件或標準件調整好機床、夾具、刀具和工件的準確相對位置，用以保證工件的尺寸精度。因為尺寸事先調整到位，所以加工時(shí)，不用再試切，尺寸自動(dòng)獲得，并在一批零件加工過(guò)程中保持不變，這就是調整法。例如，采用銑床夾具時(shí)，刀具的位置靠對刀塊確定。調整法的實(shí)質(zhì)是利用機床上的定程裝置或對刀裝置或預先整好的刀架，使刀具相對于機床或夾具達到一定的位置精度，然后加工一批工件。 The accurate relative position of machine tools, jig, cutting tools and workpiece is adjusted with sample or standard parts in advance, so as to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. Because the size is in place in advance, so the processing does not need to be cut and cut, the size is automatically obtained, and it is kept unchanged during the processing of a batch of parts. This is the adjustment method. For example, when milling fixture is used, the location of the cutter depends on the tool block. The essence of the adjustment method is to make use of the fixed range device on the machine tool or the cutter device or the pre - adjusted tool holder, so that the tool can reach a certain position precision relative to the machine tool or fixture, and then a batch of workpiece is processed. 在機床上按照刻度盤(pán)進(jìn)刀然后切削，也是調整法的一種。這種方法需要先按試切法決定刻度盤(pán)上的刻度。大批量生產(chǎn)中，多用定程擋塊、樣件、樣板等對刀裝置進(jìn)行調整。 In the machine tool, according to the calibration disc feed and then cut, is also a kind of adjustment method. This method needs to first decide the scale on the dial according to the test cut method. In mass production, we need to adjust the tool setting device with fixed blocks, samples and templates. 調整法比試切法的加工精度穩定性好，有較高的生產(chǎn)率，對機床操作工的要求不高，但對機床調整工的要求高，常用于成批生產(chǎn)和大量生產(chǎn)。 The processing precision of the adjustment method is good, it has high productivity, and the requirements for machine tool operators are not high, but the requirement of machine tool adjuster is high, which is often used in batch production and mass production.